In this case-control study from a single institution of patients hospitalized with cirrhosis, those that developed SBP were almost twice as likely to have received a PPI in the previous 7 days (71% versus 42%), and those who had not taken a PPI in the past 90 days had a 70% lower odds of developing SBP compared to those that had received a PPI within the last 7 days. Although retrospective, this study should cause us to pause and consider the risks of starting or maintaining PPI therapy in patients hospitalized with cirrhosis (abstract)
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