In this population-based case-control study of elderly patients on an ACE or ARB, the risk of hyperkalemia-associated hospitalization was 7 times higher for patients with a recent prescription for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, compared to amoxicillin (with no increased risk with other comparator antibiotics), even after matching for age, sex, renal insufficiency, and diabetes. For elderly patients on an ACE or ARB, the risk of hyperkalemia should be considered before being prescribed trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (abstract)
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