In this large cohort of patients with acute kidney injury, proteinuria predicted the risk of injury as well as did GFR. Risk increased with increasing levels of proteinuria, and the highest risk were patients with both proteinuria and low GFR. Currently GFR is used to predict risk of acute kidney injury (and therefore to avoid nephrotoxins such as NSAIDs or IV contrast), but this suggests that proteinuria may need to be evaluated as well (abstract)
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